Synchronization of PoI and PoSp in Consensus Rounds
The ZKP ecosystem uses a hybrid consensus model of Proof of Intelligence (PoI) and Proof of Space (PoSp) to set validators' staking power, impacting their role in BABE block production and GRANDPA finality voting. Validators contribute computational tasks (PoI) and storage (PoSp), synchronized for balanced network participation:

Block Production
BABE slot winners include PoI results (e.g., AI inference, verified by ZKPs) and PoSp proofs (e.g., Merkle proofs for storage) in their proposed blocks.
Validation
Validators verify ZKPs (~2ms) and Merkle proofs (~1ms) in parallel during block validation.
Finality Voting
GRANDPA votes reflect both PoI and PoSp validity, with voting weight determined by the hybrid scoring system.
Reward Distribution
Rewards are distributed based on staking power through Substrate’s reward mechanism, incentivizing balanced contributions.
Example: Validator A (PoI_Score=950,000, PoSp_Score=0.0099, Stake=1,000) has W_A = 285,400. Selected via BABE's VRF, it proposes a block with PoI and PoSp proofs, verified by others, earning rewards upon GRANDPA finalization.
Explore the Mechanics Behind the Metrics
Dive deeper into how validator performance and rewards are determined:
PoI Scoring
Measuring computational contributions to consensus.
PoSp Scoring
Validators verify ZKPs (~2ms) and Merkle proofs (~1ms) in parallel during block validation.
Staking Power
GRANDPA votes reflect both PoI and PoSp validity, with voting weight determined by the hybrid scoring system.
Reward Distribution
Rewards are distributed based on staking power through Substrate's reward mechanism, incentivizing balanced contributions
Slashing
Safeguards against malicious or negligent behavior.
